Cardiovascular Surgeon A team of cardiovascular surgeons are involved in patient care before, during and after surgery. One or two of these surgeons perform the coronary artery bypass surgery. A cardiovascular surgeon also visits the patient before and after surgery to answer any questions and follows the patient's progress throughout hospitalization. Education: After four years of college and four years of medical school a cardiovascular surgeon completes about eight years of further training. © 2007 Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago. All rights reserved.